This allows people to try out the new Element X clients, which need to
run against the sliding-sync proxy (https://github.com/matrix-org/sliding-sync).

Supersedes https://github.com/spantaleev/matrix-docker-ansible-deploy/pull/2515

The code is based on the existing PR (#2515), but heavily reworked. Major changes:

- lots of internal refactoring and variable renaming

- fixed self-building to support non-amd64 architectures

- changed to talk to the homeserver locally, over the container network (not
  publicly)

- no more matrix-nginx-proxy support due to complexity (see below)

- no more `matrix_server_fqn_sliding_sync_proxy` in favor of
  `matrix_sliding_sync_hostname` and `matrix_sliding_sync_path_prefix`

- runs on `matrix.DOMAIN/sliding-sync` by default, so it can tried
  easily without having to create new DNS records

This paves the way for installing other roles into `roles/galaxy` using `ansible-galaxy`,
similar to how it's done in:

- https://github.com/spantaleev/gitea-docker-ansible-deploy
- https://github.com/spantaleev/nextcloud-docker-ansible-deploy

In the near future, we'll be removing a lot of the shared role code from here
and using upstream roles for it. Some of the core `matrix-*` roles have
already been extracted out into other reusable roles:

- https://github.com/devture/com.devture.ansible.role.postgres
- https://github.com/devture/com.devture.ansible.role.systemd_docker_base
- https://github.com/devture/com.devture.ansible.role.timesync
- https://github.com/devture/com.devture.ansible.role.vars_preserver
- https://github.com/devture/com.devture.ansible.role.playbook_runtime_messages
- https://github.com/devture/com.devture.ansible.role.playbook_help

We just need to migrate to those.

With this change, the following roles are now only dependent
on the minimal `matrix-base` role:
- `matrix-corporal`
- `matrix-coturn`
- `matrix-mailer`
- `matrix-mxisd`
- `matrix-postgres`
- `matrix-riot-web`
- `matrix-synapse`

The `matrix-nginx-proxy` role still does too much and remains
dependent on the others.

Wiring up the various (now-independent) roles happens
via a glue variables file (`group_vars/matrix-servers`).
It's triggered for all hosts in the `matrix-servers` group.

According to Ansible's rules of priority, we have the following
chain of inclusion/overriding now:
- role defaults (mostly empty or good for independent usage)
- playbook glue variables (`group_vars/matrix-servers`)
- inventory host variables (`inventory/host_vars/matrix.<your-domain>`)

All roles default to enabling their main component
(e.g. `matrix_mxisd_enabled: true`, `matrix_riot_web_enabled: true`).
Reasoning: if a role is included in a playbook (especially separately,
in another playbook), it should "work" by default.

Our playbook disables some of those if they are not generally useful
(e.g. `matrix_corporal_enabled: false`).

As suggested in #63 (Github issue), splitting the
playbook's logic into multiple roles will be beneficial for
maintainability.

This patch realizes this split. Still, some components
affect others, so the roles are not really independent of one
another. For example:
- disabling mxisd (`matrix_mxisd_enabled: false`), causes Synapse
and riot-web to reconfigure themselves with other (public)
Identity servers.

- enabling matrix-corporal (`matrix_corporal_enabled: true`) affects
how reverse-proxying (by `matrix-nginx-proxy`) is done, in order to
put matrix-corporal's gateway server in front of Synapse

We may be able to move away from such dependencies in the future,
at the expense of a more complicated manual configuration, but
it's probably not worth sacrificing the convenience we have now.

As part of this work, the way we do "start components" has been
redone now to use a loop, as suggested in #65 (Github issue).
This should make restarting faster and more reliable.