Fixes #403 (Github Issue).

As suggested in #63 (Github issue), splitting the
playbook's logic into multiple roles will be beneficial for
maintainability.

This patch realizes this split. Still, some components
affect others, so the roles are not really independent of one
another. For example:
- disabling mxisd (`matrix_mxisd_enabled: false`), causes Synapse
and riot-web to reconfigure themselves with other (public)
Identity servers.

- enabling matrix-corporal (`matrix_corporal_enabled: true`) affects
how reverse-proxying (by `matrix-nginx-proxy`) is done, in order to
put matrix-corporal's gateway server in front of Synapse

We may be able to move away from such dependencies in the future,
at the expense of a more complicated manual configuration, but
it's probably not worth sacrificing the convenience we have now.

As part of this work, the way we do "start components" has been
redone now to use a loop, as suggested in #65 (Github issue).
This should make restarting faster and more reliable.

This is described in Github issue #58.

Until now, we had the variable, but if you redefined it, you'd run
into multiple problems:

- we actually always mounted some "storage" directory to the Synapse
container. So if your media store is not there, you're out of luck

- homeserver.yaml always hardcoded the path to the media store,
as a directory called "media-store" inside the storage directory.

Relocating to outside the storage directory was out of the question.

Moreover, even if you had simply renamed the media store directory
(e.g. "media-store" -> "media_store"), it would have also caused trouble.

With this patch, we mount the media store's parent to the Synapse container.
This way, we don't care where the media store is (inside storage or
not). We also don't assume (anymore) that the final part of the path
is called "media-store" -- anything can be used.

The "storage" directory and variable (`matrix_synapse_storage_path`)
still remain for compatibility purposes. People who were previously
overriding `matrix_synapse_storage_path` can continue doing so
and their media store will be at the same place.

The playbook no longer explicitly creates the `matrix_synapse_storage_path` directory
though. It's not necessary. If the media store is specified to be within it, it will
get created when the media store directory is created by the playbook.